İnce cidarlı kompozit kiriş olarak modellenmiş uyarlanabilir uçak kanatlarının dinamik analizi

There has been a growing interest in the development of the smart material systems technology due to their incorporation in various structures ranging from aeronautical/aerospace, automotive, helicopter and turbo-machinery rotor blades, robot manipulators. Using adaptive materials, the dynamical characteristics of the structure could be controlled in a predictable manner to avoid the dynamical instabilities such as structural resonances. In this thesis, dynamic behaviour of aircraft wings is investigated and control of natural frequencies is achieved using piezoelectric actuation. Two different models namely, Timoshenko beam and thin-walled composite beam are used in this study. Natural frequencies of both model are obtained and using active control their variations are examined. First, thin walled composite beam theory is introduced with detailed formulation including the effects of primary and secondary warping. This beam model also incorporates a number of non-classical effects such as material anisotropy, transverse shear deformation and warping restraint. Moreover, the directionality property of thin-walled composite beams produces a wide range of elastic couplings. In this respect, constitutive equations and energy expressions are given. Equations of motion are derived using Hamilton principle. Second, in order to determine natural frequencies without piezoelectric influence, free vibration problem is formulated for an anti-symmetric lay-up configuration, also referred as Circumferentially Uniform Stiffness (CUS). Due to the anti-symmetry in lay-ups this configuration generates the coupled motion of transverse-lateral bending-shear. The equations of motion are discretized using Extended Glaerkin Method (EGM) to determine the natural frequencies of the system. The effect of transverse shear on the natural frequencies is also investigated by simply including and excluding transverse shear in the free vibration analyses, which has found to be significant for higher modes. For validation purposes, analyses are conducted for a box beam thin walled composite beam and results are compared with the literature. Then, the analyses are repeated for a diamond shaped cross-section section and the results of different cross-sections are compared and discussed. Active vibration control is introduced to gain an ability to control dynamic characteristics of structures. Implementation of piezoelectrically induced moments regarding the boundary moment is explained and two different control laws, namely proportional and velocity feedback control laws and their effects are investigated. The equations of motion that includes the effect of piezoelectric layers are cast into the state-space representation to obtain the dynamic response of the beam. Before analyzing thin-walled composite beams, a numerical example is solved to attain a deeper understanding about the effect of piezoelectric materials on the natural frequencies. This beam model is developed using the first order shear deformable theory (Timoshenko beam theory) and then solved to determine the natural frequencies with and without piezoelectric layers influence for various boundary conditions and lay-ups. Next, the similar analyses are also carried for thin walled composite beams highlighting the effects of piezoelectric layers, material anisotropy and transverse shear on the natural frequencies for varying feedback gains. Besides, several control laws such as proportional feedback gain and velocity feedback gain are used for vibration control and their results are compared. In addition, optimal control law is implemented and dynamic response of the structure is investigated using different control laws. In conclusion, for a diamond shaped thin-walled composite aircraft wing, active vibration control is achieved using adaptive materials. Piezoelectric materials are used as sensors and actuators to provide closed-loop feedback control system. In future studies, response of the structure to the external forces will be investigated and controlled by using adaptive materials.