Investigation of fatty liver disease frequency, clinical and laboratory values in patients followed up with inflammatory bowel disease

Introduction and Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consists of two main diseases: Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CH). UC often affects the colon and is characterized by inflammation of the mucosal layer. CH causes transmural inflammation and can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the oral cavity to the perianal region. Our aim in this study was to prospectively investigate the clinical, anthropometic, laboratory and fibroscan imaging of patients followed up with IBD in Inonu University Inflammatory Bowel Diseases outpatient clinic and the frequency of fatty liver in these patients. Materials and methods: We prospectively investigated 135 patients diagnosed with IBD who applied to Malatya İnönü University Faculty of Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Diseases outpatient clinic between June 2022 and October 2022. Patients diagnosed with IBD; Laboratory data, anthropometic measurements, year of disease diagnosis, duration of treatment, treatment used, evaluation of adiposity with fibroscan were examined. Results: A total of 115 patients, 37 of whom were Crohn's and 78 were UC, were included in the study. 56.8% of Crohn's patients are female and 43.2% are male. On the other hand, 41% of UC patients are female and 59% are male. The mean age of Crohn's patients is 41.8±14.2 years, and the mean age of UC patients is 40.3±12.1 years. The prevalence of adiposity in men (58.1%) was found to be significantly higher than in women (p=0.017). The mean age of those with adiposity was found to be significantly higher than the mean age of those without adiposity. Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic pressure of patients with adiposity were found to be significantly higher than those without adiposity (p<0.05). The AST, ALT and GGT values of patients with adiposity were found to be significantly higher than those without adiposity (p<0.05). The duration of treatment of patients with adiposity was found to be significantly higher than the duration of patients without adiposity (p=0.016). Adiposity was observed in 72.2% of those with metabolic syndrome, 40% of those with 1 component, 57.7% of those with 2 components and 36.1% of those without metabolic syndrome, and a significant difference was observed between metabolic syndrome in terms of the presence of adiposity. (p=0.043) Conclusion: With these findings, knowing the clinical, laboratory, imaging and anthropometic features of IBD may enable us to determine the frequency of fatty liver in these patients. It can be used to improve the prognosis of the disease with early diagnosis.