Master'sOpen Access

Midhat Pasha's life and politics in British sources

2022
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Advisor: Prof. Dr. Tülay Alim Baran

Abstract (EN)

Midhat Pasha is a great Tanzimat (Reform) era statesman who was born in 1822 and after leaving great marks in the 19th century European history, died in exile at the age of 64 in 1884. During his life, his public duties extended from a scribe in grand viziriat and judicial offices, to the presidency of Grand Council of State (Meclis-i Vâlâ) and Grand Vizirate. He was despatched to Damascus, Rumelia and Bursa as special commissioner to inspect those provinces. After a short travel to Europe, Midhat has been nominated to provincial governorship of Nish and Tuna, so called most significant Vilayet of Ottoman Empire in Europe. He succesfully transformed the appearance and administration of provinces, initiated various socio-economic reforms and modernized the local administration methods. His energetic, fair and effective administration grab the attention of whole European capitals but especialy the British. Ottoman Empire carried great geo-political significance for British policy for many years, rising Russian expansionism threatening British policies on Balkans, Mediterranean and Asia, increased Midhat Pasha's popularity as a reformist statesman to sustain and improve Ottoman Empire's political integrity against Russia. Midhat Pasha, as the initiator of first constitutional regime and parliament in Turkey was sent to exile accused of abusing constitutional promises after the Tersane Conferance. On his return he was appointed as governor to Syria and than to Aydın provinces. Soon after accused as instigator of Sultan Abdul Aziz's death, after a controversial judicial trial he we was found guilty and his death sentence excused by Abdul Hamid, he was sent to exile in Taif, following three years of imprisonment, he was killed by Ottoman officials in 1884. His honour has been restored by next generations of Young Turks after they came in to power in 1908, Midhat Pasha has been accepted as a hero of liberty. In 1951, by the order of president of Turkish Republic Celal Bayar, his funeral was brought to İstanbul from Taif, after an official ceremony he was burried to "Eternal Liberty Hill" named after him

Author

Dr. Kemal İnanç Işıklar

Institution

Yeditepe University
Yeditepe University
Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Bilim Dalı

How to Cite

Kemal İnanç Işıklar (Master Thesis). Midhat Pasha's life and politics in British sources, 2022, Yeditepe University.

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