Design of long range data link for unmanned aerial vehicles

In recent years, the development of electronic and mechanical hardwares have led to great progress on the development of unmanned systems. The reduction in size of the hardware with time, increase of capacity and capabilities, increase of the durability and decrease of production costs have been quite effective on this case. As a result of these gains, forty-year history of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) have made of many significant improvements. UAVs, which are being used for the both civilian and military purposes on the fields of intelligence and operation, have become indispensable vehicles for both the civilian applications and defense industry. Having unmanned of systems and being able to remote command and control are the most important characteristics of UAVs. Also, to use it in the long periods of operation is another one important features. Becouse of Turkey's strategic location and geographical features of the borders with neighboring countries, UAVs have been become very important for our country. The many significant projects and studies have carried out in this context. In the Both the private sector and official institutions, important undertakings have continued to as successor. On the other hand, due to the technical characteristics of UAVs are systems which bring some limitations. For instance, they which are have size of small and have to be weigths of low, the power consumption brings the important situation. Because the power supplies are limited by not only the physical space of constraints, but also the aerodynamic conditions. Therefore, the power required of UAV need to use planned and economising for the during of the long flight time. An another requirement UAV's can be go through with long rang flight. However, UAV requires a lot of power consumption in order to transfer the data of information to the Graund Data Station (GTS) on the long range. This situation has a negative effect on to be have already limited power providers. To be have high gain automatically routed microstrip antenna has been proposed,"Hybrid Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System Development" is named which is being developed for the project of SANTEZ, in order to ensuring without increase of power consumption to long range for unmanned aerial vehicles. The flight range of about 150 Km is needed part of the project for UAV. At first, automatically routed to the antenna was designed. As part of this system antenna and components of redirect was analyzed and designed. The system of antenna which is routed automatically for component of the antenna, high gain and narrow beam micro-strip antenna design be realized. As for the part of redirecting, DC motor and the control unit analysises were made. For the most appropriate system design, the automatic redirecting system mathematical analysis and modeling was performed. Consequently, all the communications link parameters are obtained for the real scenario the environment. In consequence of these parameters, the communication link design has been concluded with the link budget calculation. In a conclusion, Within the scope the project being needed the increase range, when at the current power consumption, is obtained with the system of antenna which is routed automatically. In this respect towards the UAV's requirements the most suitable communications link design were made.