Investigation of the effects of permanent magnet synchronous machines on the power system parameters within the scope of microgrid

In this thesis, the effects of jointly integrating Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)- and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-based units within a microgrid (MG) on power quality and dynamic variation are investigated, with particular emphasis on PMSG-based wind turbines and PMSM-based electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. A multi-voltage MG model encompassing the 34.5 kV–20 kV–6 kV–400 V levels was developed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment; the model includes photovoltaic (PV) generation, PMSG wind units, PMSM-based EV charging loads, and conventional RLC loads. Using the baseline (reference) configuration as the basis, four scenarios were evaluated: aggregated wind generation increase, distributed EV load increase, combined wind generation increase (distributed and aggregated–distributed layouts), and combined EV load increase (distributed and aggregated–distributed layouts). For each scenario, bus level time-domain analyses were conducted across the high-, medium-, and low-voltage levels, and the following indicators were assessed: voltage and current total harmonic distortion (𝑉𝑇𝐻𝐷 and 𝐼𝑇𝐻𝐷), frequency profiles, voltage deviations, and current fluctuations. The findings demonstrate that, in addition to the number of units, physical placement exerts a decisive influence on harmonic behavior. While aggregated connections at the same bus may lead to local harmonic accumulation, increased frequency oscillations, and longer transient settling times, distributed placement enables a more balanced propagation of harmonics, improved frequency variation, and lower THD levels at end-user buses.