Civil and political rights in Iraq

The problem of human rights affects the life of all people and countries although the members of different civilizations and different geographies, political, economic and social regimes apply it. The problem of human rights has become a problem which is tracked and spotlighted locally and internationally. This interest has transformed to emphasizing how human rights shall be identified and regulated and how these are assured by international and regional treaties and law declarations. Furthermore, human rights have become a subject which all countries are drastically interested despite their political regimes and opinions and they have decided this in their constitutions. The style of constitutions to handle and settle human rights exhibits differences according to the political, economic and social circumstances experienced at the period when the constitution is put into effect and ideological and intellectual beliefs. Civil and political rights are among fundamental rights in the constitutions worldwide. The necessity and significance of the existence of such rights appear according to the human in person and their place in his private life, moreover such rights also provide a basis to indicate to the people to participate in political life and popular sovereignty.Countries haven?t only contented to put provisions concerning civil and political rights, but also assurances are decided to go bail to people to use such rights and attempt is made to give guarantees to prevent the overriding of these rights as much as possible. Such assurances and guarantees may transform to institutions and precautions to assist the return of illegally seized rights to the holders of such rights. However, civil and political rights being decided and gone bail and assured by international conventions and constitutions doesn?t mean that these rights are limitlessly and unconditionally released. Rights are not meant for a limitless and unrestricted use without the existence of any regulatory framework, otherwise the result of such a thing is definitely a chaos. Therefore, international conventions and constitutions have cared to regulate the use of civil and political rights (draw their boundaries and scopes through restrictions). However such restrictions shall be very narrow and limited to vital cases. All constitutional rights and decided legal precautions shall be considered when restrictions are applied. Here it would be pointed that the progress made in the matter of civil and political rights isn?t so concrete in the scientific base especially in the third world countries so much as expected. The violation of civil and political rights of people and very dangerous attacks against such rights and consequently adverse effects such as political, economic, social and cultural instability are observed.The said rights have become the field of examination and interest for politics and law researchers due to the above reasons and the importance of civil and political rights. Due to the importance of these rights, we have also chosen the subject of Civil and Political Rights In Iraq as the subject of dissertation. Our work has also covered the examination of provisions of constitutions regulating the civil and political rights. This matter is very important, because constitutions and laws are an important step in the field of examining the development stages of civil and political rights in Iraq. We have found appropriate to deal with the subject of Civil and Political Rights In Iraq which is our dissertation subject as follows:Section One: In this section (civil and political rights in general) are handled and the historical development and meaning of civil and political rights, in general the concept of right, types of civil and political rights, and the subject of limiting these rights and prohibiting their abuse, then the status of such rights according to international conventions are examined.Section Two: In this section (civil and political rights in Iraq constitutions) are dealt with. This section is divided into three sub section. The first sub section is dedicated to examination of the status of civil and political rights in 1925 constitution. In this section, the types, assurances and restrictions of civil and political rights are examined. The second sub section is dedicated to examination of the status of civil and political rights in 1970 constitution. In this section, the types, assurances and restrictions of civil and political rights are examined .The third sub section is dedicated to the new constitution of Iraq dated 2005. In this section, the types of civil and political rights in constitution, the assurances and restrictions of these rights are handled.Our work has ended with a conclusion covering the significant results obtained at the end of the examination.Key Words:1.Constitution2.Rights3.Iraq4.Assurance and Limitation5.Democracy