Association between vitamin D and insulin resistance in Iraqi children with diabetes

The current study aims to estimate the levels of various hematological parameters, including the lipid profile ferritin and vitamin D, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting C-peptide level, HbA1c, insulin resistance, and serum insulin. Additionally, it aims to study the correlation between insulin resistance and vitamin D in the blood of children with diabetes mellitus. The specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes reported 100 cases of diabetes from March 2024 to May 2024. The experimental work was performed in the university's own laboratories in Baghdad, Iraq. The volunteers in the current study were divided as follows: The study included 50 individuals with type I diabetes, of which 25 had obesity and the remaining 25 had normal weight and 50 healthy children. The results showed that total cholesterol levels in obese (278.22±9.41) and T1DM (163.04±21.53) children showed a significant (P<0.05) increase compared to the control group (128.61±11.68). Total triglyceride levels showed in obese (289.31±8.05) and T1DM (144.52±9.25) children a significant (P<0.05) increase compared to the control group (106.52±9.04). HDL levels showed significant (P<0.05) differences in obese (27.43±2.81) and T1DM (36.11±3.06) children compared to the control group (36.53±3.63). LDL levels showed in obese (191.03±10.65) and T1DM (104.72±8.63) children a significant (P<0.05) increase compared to the control group (88.42±5.75). VLDL levels showed in obese (57.63±6.04) and T1DM (28.52±6.27) children a significant (P<0.05) increase compared to the control group (21.61±3.52). RBC count demonstrated a significant (P <0.05) reduction in patients (3.56 ± 0.24) compared to the control group (4.25 ± 0.13). Hemoglobin concentration demonstrated a significant (P <0.05) reduction in patients (8.43 ± 1.16) compared to the control group (12.83 ± 0.47). PCV demonstrated a significant (P <0.05) reduction in patients (25.15 ± 3.51) compared to the control group (38.54 ± 2.95). MCV demonstrated significant (P <0.05) elevation in patients (73.11 ± 8.45) compared to the control group (74.95 ± 6.41). Ferritin concentration demonstrated significant (P <0.05) elevation in patients (381.83 ± 11.31) compared to the control group (96.17 ± 8.55). Vit. D concentration demonstrated a significant (P<0.05) reduction in patients (9.14 ± 2.52) compared to the control group (31.05 ± 4.91). FPG levels demonstrated significant (P <0.05) elevation in patients (10.53±2.14) compared to the control group (5.36±0.15). HbA1C concentration demonstrated significant (P <0.05) elevation in patients (8.65±1.14) compared to the control group (4.62±0.25). C-Peptide demonstrated significant (P <0.05) elevated in patients (3.58±1.11) compared to control group (1.75±0.37). Insulin demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) elevated levels in patients (18.93±1.27) compared to the control group (9.85±1.26). Insulin demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) elevated levels in patients (3.51±1.27) compared to the control group (1.38±0.21). The current study reveals a negative correlation (R2 = -0.7269) between insulin resistance and vitamin D in children with diabetes. The results showed a negative correlation (0.8745) between insulin and vitamin D.