Iranian White Revolution and its effects (1963-1979)

After the establishment of the Pahlavi Dynasty in Iran in 1925, important steps were taken in terms of modernization. Reza Shah, made many important changes in the army, state institutions and social life in order to create a seculer, nationalist and contemporary country. However, it cannot be said that Mohammad Reza Shah, who succeeded his father in 1941, made significant changes until the 1960s. In the bipolar World created by the Second World War, Mohammad Reza Shah got closer to the Western bloc to prevent the communist influence from the Soviets. A US and British-backed coup was carried out by Mohammad Reza Shah against Prime Minister Mossadegh in 1953. Mohammad Reza Shah saw these reforms as necessary both with the influence of the USA and in order to consolidate his own power in Iran in distant regions outside the capital. The reforms, which were presented to the public as 6 articles in 1963, were implemented as 19 articles in total, together with the reforms to be made in many fields later on. Undoubtedly, the most important of these reforms are the land reform, which brought great changes in Iranian economic, social and political life and the regulations that gave women the right to vote and be elected. The reforms have had significant effects on Iran's economic, social and political life. These reforms could not improve the situation of the poor segment of the society in the economic field and they benefited certain segments. Socially, the reforms caused great migration from rural areas to big cities and increased squatting in cities. Politically, these reforms brought Ayatollah Khomeini, who was the most important figüre of the Iranian Islamic Revolution in 1979, to the political scene. Key Words: Mohammad Reza Shah, Reform, Change, Revolution, İnfluence.