Determination and development of convenience of heat treated wood material in furniture production

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effects of heat-treatment on the surface quality property and glue bonding strength of wood materials. In this purpose; samples of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis L.), Oak (Quercus petreae Lieble.), Black Poplar (Populus nigra L.), Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Fir (Abies bornmülleriana Mattf.), prepared in accordance with TS 2470 and TS 53 standarts, were left in the heat-treatment oven under normal atmosphere with temperatures of 165°C, 175°C, for periods of 2, 4 hours with ±1°C temperature sensitivity in a total of 4 variations. For the surface processes, the samples were varnished with Synthetic, parquet and water-based varnishes in accordance with ASTM-D 3023 and the surface brightness according to TS 4318 standarts, color alteration according to ASTM D 2244-02, surface hardness according to ASTM D-4366 and the varnishes? surface bonding strength according to TS EN 24624 were determined. For the bonding strength, samples prepared in accordance with BS EN 204 were applied PVAc and assembly Urea formaldehyde glue and the bonding strength was determined according to BS EN 205. According to the results of the study; The highest surface hardness was obtained from the fir (38.20) which was varnished with water-based varnish and heat-treated with 175/2 (°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the oak (12.10) which was varnished with Synthetic varnish and heat-treated with 165/4 (°C/Hours). The highest total color alteration was obtained from the poplar (60.96) which was varnished with Synthetic varnish and heat-treated with 175/2 (°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the pine (10.95) which was varnished with water-based varnish and heat-treated with 165/2 (°C/Hours). The highest brightness perpendicular to fibers was obtained from the pine (89.99) which was varnished with Synthetic varnish and heat-treated with 175/4 (°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the beech (24.72) which was varnished with parquet varnish and heat-treated with 165/2 (°C/Hours). The highest brightness perpendicular to fibers was obtained from the pine (94.24) which was varnished with Synthetic varnish and heat-treated with 175/4 (°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the beech (25.02) which was varnished with parquet varnish and heat-treated with 165/2 (°C/Hours). The highest surface bonding strength was obtained from the beech (4.833) which was varnished with Synthetic varnish and heat-treated with 165/2 (°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the fir (0.9906) which was varnished with parquet varnish and heat-treated with 175/4 (°C/Hours). The highest bonding strength was obtained from the beech (13.69) which was glued with PVAc glue and heat-treated with 165/2(°C/Hours), the lowest value was obtained from the poplar (1.319) which was glued with Urea formaldehyde glue and heat-treated with 175/4 (°C/Hours). Accordingly, it is recommended to apply the heat-treatment at 175/2 and 175/4 (°C/Hours) where brightness perpendicular and parallel to fibers, surface hardness is required; 165/2 (°C/Hours) where a low value of total color alteration is required, and 165/2 (°C/Hours) where high varnish surface bonding strength and high bonding strength is required for the glue in furniture and decoration applications.