The historical and organizational development ofIslamic state's threat and its impacts on Turkey: 1999-2017"

Terror and terrorism have been the key concepts that have historically posed security threats to the mankind. After the September 11 attacks, the US invasion of Iraq caused a lack of authority in this country. This development provided basis for the formation of religion-based radical terrorist organizations in the region. Zarqawi pioneered the Tawheed and Jihad Organization with the ideas of Shiite hostility, tekfirism and jihad ideology and established the foundations of the "Islamic State" The sectarian clashes in Iraq facilitated the strengthening of the organization with outside support. With the backing of Al-Qaeda, the organization has carried on its activities as Iraqi Al-Qaeda. As a result of the enlargement policy and with a predisposition for violence, the organization has parted ways with Al-Qaeda. It turned to Syria which was affected by the Arab Spring and continued its activities as the Islamic State in Iraq and al Sham. Taking advantage of the authority vacuum and sectarian conflicts, ISIS has gained a great reputation in the international arena with activities in Iraq and Syria to the world press thanks to its media power. In 2014, the Islamic State was declared. With the participation of foreign terrorist fighters from all over the world, the invasion of land and terrorist activities were continued. Its proximity to the Turkish frontier has facilitated its attacks to Turkey, where it has carried out numerous acts of terrorism in the country. These actions, which have been widely reported in the world press, have negatively affected the country in economic, social and security fields.