The concept of tajdid in Islamic thought and its reflections on the Tanzimat period

The phenomenon of religiousrenewal, which has come to the fore intensively in Islamicthought, especially in the modern period, is expressed with various concepts such as tajdid, islah, ihya. The most common and early use of these concepts is the concept of tajdid with the influence of the presence of hadith narrations on this subject. In this study, the conceptions of the renewal of religion that emerged in Islamic thought are examined in the concept of tajdid. In this study, with the help of etymology and semantics, the concept of tajdid is defined and the ways of understanding it in Islamic thought from the early period are determined. The fact that the narration of tajdid, and therefore the concept of tajdid, was brought to the agenda in the early period in the context of religious renewal, especially around the Shafi'i sect, and that it was expressed as 'the revival of sunnahs and the elimination of bid'ats' requires an evaluation of the issue in terms of the history of sects. Based on this, the study examines the traditional-conservative understanding of religion within the framework of Shafi'ism, Hanbalism and Malikism. The rationalist understanding of religion is also examined with examples from the Hanafi and Mu'tazila sects. In the context of the renewal of religion, the approach of the traditionalistconservative understanding of religion in the classical period can be determined from the concept of tajdid. An example of the rationalist Hadarî religious understanding's approach to the issue in terms ofthe concept is seen in the Tanzimat period of the Ottoman Empire in the modern period. The approach of high-level ulema and state officials who believe that religion and the state will be reformed by applying the principles of Tanzimat provides an example of the way the concept is understood in the Hanafî-Mâturîdî circle in the modern period in the context of religious renewal. Key words: Theology, History of Islamic Sects, Tajdid, Religious Renewal, Tanzimat, Shafi'i Sect, Hanafism