Diyarbakir till the conquest of Islam

Diyabakır, whose background of history started before 10.000 years ago, is one ofthe cities of world and remains till today. The things that reached by excavating, especiallyin Çayönü located in Ergani in Diyarbakır, shows that this background of history started along time ago.Diyarbakır, which was called Amida, Amid, Diyar-ı Bekr and Diyarbekir, hasimportant characteristics due to its location such as military, economic, political and somecharacteristics that are not been in other cities. Because of these characteristic, manynations and many countries tried to capture Diyarbakır. One of the states which wanted andcaptured Diyarbakır was Asurlar. Üçtepe, which showed that Asurlar ruled overDiyarbakır, is very important. The other states fighted for Diyarbakır were Selevkos,Rome, Sasanis, and Byzantine. Muslims captured Diyarbakır in 639 in the period of Hz.OmerThere are some tools and equipments and architectural constructions and buildings,which were remained by the states wanted to capture Diyarbakır and by the states capturedDiyarbakır, such as The Castle of Diyarbakır and inscriptions and tablet belong to Romeand Byzantine.Key Words: Diyarbakır, Çayönü, Üçtepe, Amid, Rome, Byzantine, nscription