Demographic change of population due to migration between 1950-2017 in İstanbul-Ümraniye

Throughout history, the world's and Turkey's geopolitical, social, cultural and economic center of Istanbul with increasing industrialization encouraged since the 1950s migration has become a major center of attraction. Ümraniye, which was a village of Üsküdar with a population of 885 people until 1950, is intended to set forth the process of transformation into a big city center on the Anatolian side between 1950 and 2017, the emerging problems and solution proposals. After giving basic information about the physical geography of Ümraniye, analysis was made by giving information about settlement history and population characteristics. In this analysis, the starting of first migration, the effects of migration, the results of the migration, evaluation and population projections are included. The proportionally highest increase in the population of Ümraniye was with 306 percent between1955 and 1960. Quantitatively, the highest increase in population over the five-year period corresponds to the years when the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge was built between 1985 and 1990 with 159.289 people. In 1987, Ümraniye became a municipality. Besides Ümraniye Municipality, Alemdağ, Çekmeköy, Ömerli, Sarıgazi, Taşdelen and Yenidoğan municipalities are located in Umraniye district. In 2008, Ümraniye borders were rearranged by Law number 5747 and Çekmeköy district and Sancaktepe district were established from the former borders and two neighborhoods from Ümraniye Municipality joined Ataşehir district. From 2012 growth rate of population has become in parallel with the growth rate of Turkey and Istanbul. The most important reason for this parallel increase rate is that the city is no longer the sprawl charasteristics of the city and has become completely compact with Istanbul. The population of Ümraniye, which reached 699,901 in 2017, has become the 4th district in Istanbul and the district with the highest population on the Anatolian side. Due to the presence of Dudullu Organized Industrial Zone, Industrial Sites and the general directorates of Financial Institutions in the district Ümraniye, Ümraniye has become an important trade and financial center of Istanbul. It is seen that in some neighborhoods, the number of work places is higher than the number of housings. During the first migration movements, new emerged slums composed changed, developed and turned into a leading city center of Istanbul. After the first rail system was put into service in 2017, the neighboring district connections are increased with new rail systems in different directions. Increased diversity of transportation is expected to pave the way for new migrations. Key Words: İstanbul, Ümraniye, Population, Migration, Urbanization.