Relations between Turkish and Scandinavian people in the IX.-XI. centuries

The Scandinavians, who came to today's European Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and the Caucasus in the mainly IX.-XI. centuries, establishing relations with the peoples of the region and leaving permanent traces in the history of the region, were mostly referred to as Rus' or Varangians in the contemporary sources. Among the peoples with whom Scandinavians had relations in these areas, there were Turkish groups such as Khazars, Pechenegs, Volga Bulgars and Oghuzs. In fact, these Scandinavians, who came to the east mostly for commercial purposes, almost inevitably had to establish relations with the Turks in order to get what they wanted. Because the Turks were the only ruling power of the area from the northwest of the Black Sea to the Caucasus, from Kiev to the Volga region. On the other hand, the relations between Turkish-Scandinavian peoples in Eastern Europe have been generally ignored for various reasons. In our study, it has been revealed that apart from the occasional conflicts, the Turks and Scandinavian peoples were generally unhostile and both sides had commercial benefits, and as a result of these relations, it has been revealed that the they were significantly influenced by each other in terms of culture, politics, military and religion.