The gelatin hydrogels controlled fertlizer releasing and exanination of their activities in microbial fertilizer systems

In the presented study, it is aimed to research the effectiveness of releasing controlled fertilizer and nitrogen producing microbial sytems by synthesizing a serial of gelatin hydrogel. To fulfill this aim, the gelatin percentages, swelling/decomposition behaviors of hiydrogels that were prepared by using diffirent rates glutaraldehyde (GA) cross linking and gelatin are examined. It was determined that the gelatin percentages increased when the amount of cross linking was increased. It was observed that the swelling values of all hydrogels were risen throughout the time but after 48 hours they reached their balance. It was found out that when the cross-linking amount increased, the swelling values decreased. It was seen that at 30ºC and pH=7,4 the most swollen hydrogel was J-3, the least swollen one was J-2. With the increase in heat, the swelling values heightened and they reached their highest values at 40ºC. The hydrogels bulged very much at low pH values, when pH increased the swelling values dropped and after pH=5,0 the swelling values decreased again. The decomposition behaviors of hiydrogels were examined at 37ºC and pH=7,4. The lowest gelation percentage of J-3 hydrogel decomposed in 34 days, the highest gelation percentage of J-2 hydrogel decomposed in almost 60 days.The gelatin hydrogels agricultural applications were examined in three stages. In the first stage mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), in the second stage ammonium nitrate (AN) hydrogels were loaded to hydrogels. For different hydrogels, it was found out that the MAP release completed between 38 and 55 hours, and the AN release completed between 36 and 50 hours. At the third stage of the agricultural application study a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-78 bacterial which is an efficient bacterial in the hydrogel nitrate production was placed in a chosen gelatin hydrogel. This prepared hydrogel system nitrate production yields and their shelf-lives were examined. It was determined that the bacterials placed in hydrogel functioned as mycrobial fertilizer and kept their effectiveness for 14 days.