Difficulties encountered in transferring Johann Sebastian Bach's major works written for keyboard instruments to piano performance

This study aims to analyze the differences in technique and interpretation of the works composed by Johann Sebastian Bach for keyboard instruments on the piano instrument according to the opinions of the teaching staff. The research was conducted to determine the differences and difficulties encountered in the adaptation of Bach's works to the piano. Data was collected from written sources using document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, and open-ended questions were asked to the teaching staff who taught the piano lessons using the interview method. These data were examined using thematic analysis method, and the findings were presented with figures and tables. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in the adaptation of Johann Sebastian Bach's works for keyboard instruments to the piano, the techniques of articulation, volume and ornamentation should be applied in a way that is loyal to the style of the Baroque period. In addition, it was emphasized that the use of pedals was necessary in some works in order to emphasize long sounds and preserve legato. According to the opinions of the teaching staff, in order to interpret Bach's works correctly on the piano, it is of great importance to perform them with the correct techniques appropriate to the style of the period. It was observed that the most encountered difficulties in performing these works on the piano were especially in correctly announcing the counterpoint structure and effectively conveying the tone. In addition, it was determined that there were various differences between the first and last editions of Bach's works and that these differences should be taken into consideration for a correct interpretation. The teaching staff generally stated that it was more appropriate to give Bach's invention works to students. The findings revealed that students should learn counterpoint techniques and special exercises should be developed for these techniques. It was determined that there was a common consensus among the teaching staff that Bach's works should be performed in accordance with the style of the Baroque period and with the correct technique.