Morphological investigation of damaged structures by computerized tomography imaging technique in trauma caused by injury to the skull and spine column

Skull and spine traumas are serious problems that cause loss of life and property as well as economic losses worldwide, including our country. Mostly caused by motor vehicle accidents; this situation is followed by reasons such as falling, beating, firearm injuries, sharp and penetrating tool injuries, and work accidents. In our study; Injuries and deaths connected to skull and spine trauma were investigated. We aimed to analyze the relationship of trauma-related fractures with various degrees of sequencing and death, by defining the causes of trauma, trauma site, fracture type and accompanying pathologies in the reports of patients registered in the forensic medicine outpatient clinic. In order to examine the files and CT reports of a total of 105 patients, 24 females and 81 males, the range ages of 18-75, who were exposed to skull and spine traumas, registered in the database of forensic medicine polyclinic of Hitit University Erol Olçok Training and Research Hospital between 01.01.2017-31.12.2020, the ethics committee permission numbered 384 and access to patient information were obtained from Çorum Local Health Authority. In cases; Gender, trauma mechanism, injury site, presence of multiple site injuries and their relationships with each other, and the presence of pathologies accompanying the trauma were evaluated. The analysis of the data prepared in Excel was carried out with the IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 statistical program. Chi Square and Fisher Exact tests were used to analyze between categories. Data analysis was performed with Pearson correlation test, the values where the pearson correlation coefficient provided p<0.05 were considered significant. In our study, the most common trauma was calculated in males aged 51-60 years. The most common cause of trauma was traffic accidents with a rate of 48.6% (51 cases). The most fractures were observed in the os frontale. The most common complication was pneumocephaly. Compression type fractures occurred mostly in the corpus region of the spine. The most fractures were observed in the lumbar vertebrae. The most common complications were spinal cord injury and paraplegia. A positive, very high, statistically significant (r=1,000; p<0.001) relationship was detected between thromboembolism and C1, C4, and C5 vertebrae. We think that our study will be beneficial in terms of guiding physicians in the observation, diagnosis and treatment of patients who apply to the Forensic Medicine and Emergency Medicine units of the hospitals.