Karst hydrogeology of surrond of Kalecik Village (Torul-Gümüşhane)

SUMMARY Karst Hy drogeology of Surround of Kalecik Village (Torul-Gümüşhane) Fonnation and origin of karstification in Kalecik (Torul-Gümüşhane) were investigated, and physico-chemical properties of karstic spring determinated in this study. Study area with 40 km2 in H42-b2 section of a map locates Kalecik Village in Torul in Gümüşhane in East Blacksea Region. In the area studied Liasic Zimonköy Formation consisting of basalt, andesite, dacite and tuff is the oldest faormation. Berdiga Formation containing limestone has deposited between Dogger and Lower Cretaceus. Upper Cretaceus Kermutdere Formation consisting of limestones, sandstones, siltstones, claystones, basalt, andesite and tuff have deposited in flysch fades and overlies unconformably Berdiga Formation. The youngest litologies are alluvial, talus, terrace and travertine. In study area, a number of faults and folds are observed. Karstic structures and springs observed in the studied area formed as a result of two faults crossing each other. One of two faults controling karstic structures formed is vertical with NE-SW direction. The other fault is vertical with NW-SE direction. The karstic cone has about 10 meters in diameter and 15 meters in depth. Furthermore karrens developed on the slope of the karstic cone. And it has 1-2 meters in depth and 1-2 cm length. Cold water samples collected from karstik springs in studied area show similar chemical characteristics. The spring waters are saturated with calcite. Deposition of travertine is observed at around the outlet Average temperature of springs is 16°C and for number spring 1, average discharge rate is 4,5 1/s, for number spring 2, average discharge rate is 0,32 1/s. pH values of number spring 1 is 6.67, pH values of number spring 2 is 6,55. Electrical conductivity value of spring waters from karstic structure are 1000 umho/em. Based on chemical analyses, total dissolved material is between 1431,5 and 1425,82 mg/1. Free CO2 content is lower than 31,3 meq/lt in waters and CaCÛ3 content, which can be solved by spring water, is 80 mg/1. Considering the chemical properties, according to TS 9130 ( Mineral water-drinkable ), investigated spring waters are drinkable. Key Words: Karst, Karstic Spring, Karren, Karstic Cone VI