Checklist suggestion for production and construction standards of components, design and performance standards of system for cladding facade system

Building materials and systems have been developed, as a result of development of technology. Facade has been developed with materials and systems as well. It becomes difficult for architects to know every new material and system that emerged. For a successful facade, it's compulsory to know necessary materials, selection of system and correct construction. Making wrong decisions can cause defects which can cause damage. It is the most accurate method to take decisions within standards to minimize the risk of damage. These standards are given in the technical specifications of the architectural projects. When technical specifications of architectural project which designed with cladding facade system, has reviewed, it has been figured out that some projects did not have technical specifications. Existing technical specifications did not include enough production and construction standards of the cladding facade system components. They just include brand names or sizes of materials and there is no information about design and performance standards of the system. The reason for this situation is not paying attention for technical specifications or lack of knowledge. The thesis is aimed to minimize the risk of damage caused by lacking of the standards. There are no sources that combine facade system component production and construction standards, system design and performance standards in Turkey. Also with the thesis study, this problem has been tried to solve by suggesting checklists which put together the cladding system components' production and construction standards, system design and performance standards. In the scope of the thesis, the cladding facade system components which are included aerated concrete block, clay brick as core material, rock wool and glass wool as thermal insulation and aluminum composite panel and ceramic tile as external covering material, have been handled. The study was developed by following seven chapter. The first chapter include problems, aims, scope of the thesis, method of study and hypothesis. By using the checklist, a successful cladding facade system will be obtained that will reduce the risk of damage, provide both external and internal comfort conditions, and have a long service life. The second chapter starts with definitions of terms related to thesis such as; enclosure, facade, external wall, curtain wall, cladding and cladding facade system. In the thesis, the cladding facade system is defined formed by the addition of the external covering component in front of the core and plaster components of the exterior wall, can be suspended or fitted to the load bearing system. The chapter continues with history and classification of facade system. After classification of facade system performance, performance requirements and related components are defined. End of the chapter definition of standard and standard types are given. Also in this part of chapter governmental and nongovernmental organizations which published national, international standards and publications are given. Method of searching standards and publications are explained. The third chapter is about literature study of cladding facade system components, expected performances from cladding facade system. Firstly, components of cladding facade system and tehcnical properties are given. After that information about selected materials which are chosen aerated concrete block, clay brick as core material, rock wool and glass wool as thermal insulation and aluminum composite panel and ceramic tile as external covering, are given. The chapter continues with production process and construction methods of selected materials. Last part of this chapter is performance requirements which expected from cladding facade system. Relevant components are identified depending on expected performance. So that natioanal, international standards and publications are searhed for in this direction. The fourth chapter includes result of searching national, international standards and publications of non-governmental organization. The Turkish Standards Institute (TSE), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Institution (BSI), Standards Council of Canada (SCC), Singapore Standards Council (SSC), Standards New Zealand / Standards Australia (NZS / AS) standards have been reviewed. Tables were created by determining existing production and construction standards of the cladding facade system components, design and performance standards of the system, respectively. In the fifth chapter, the current situation in Turkey has been identified. The existing standards were compiled by talking face to face with aerated concrete block, clay brick, rock wool, glass wool, aluminum composite panel and ceramic tile manufacturers for production standards, manufacturer and contractors for construction standards also design office and facade consultants for system design and performance standards. Production process and production standards which are used in production process, were asked to manufacturers during the interview. Also aerated concrete block and aluminium composite panel' production process were observed at the factory. Design offices and facade consultants were asked about standards they use for design and performance of cladding facade system, manufacturers and constractors were asked about the standards they use for consruction of cladding facade system components. Tables were created for the standards which are used by these companies, that has learned in the interviews. In the sixth chapter, checklists have been suggested, including production and construction standards, system design and performance standards for cladding facade system to be constructed in Turkey. With the scope of the thesis, the suggestion checklists has been prepared for each cladding facade system components' production and construction, system design and performance standards, respectively. These suggestion checklists were made the result of comparison literature review and the company interviews. After review, The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Institution (BSI), The Standards Council of Canada (SCC), The Singapore Standards Council (SSC), The Standards New Zealand/Standards Australia (NZS / AS) standards and civil society organizations' publications which are missing in The Turkish Standards Institute (TSE) standards, have been detected. The results were put together to create suggestion checklists that architects should use. Last chapter includes of results and evaluation of the study are given for each part, separately. End of the chapter, suggestions are presented for the future studies.