Relationship betwen paternalist leadership, organizational culture, and contextual performance in housekeeping: The case of five star hotels in the Eastern Black Sea

The performance of employees at work may vary according to many variables. Among these variables, the type of leadership applied by the manager and the culture of the organization are quite important. Paternalistic leadership, which is a common leadership type especially in Eastern societies, has become a topic of discussion in recent years. The outcomes of paternalistic leadership, which is usually identified with the father figure, in organizations with different cultures dominated by female leaders and female employees is also an important issue. Starting from this point, the aim of the study is to determine the relationships between organizational culture, paternalistic leadership and contextual performance in the hotel housekeeping department. In the study, a survey was used as the data collection tool and data was collected from housekeeping employees (n= 300) of five-star hotels located in the Eastern Black Sea provinces. Descriptive analyses, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation, regression and mediating effect analyses (Process Macro Model 4) were applied to the data. Descriptive findings show that employees find their own contextual performance high, their perceptions of paternalistic leadership towards their managers are above average, and the averages of supportive, innovative and bureaucratic organizational cultures are close to each other, however, supportive organizational culture is slightly more prominent. Correlation analyses show that there are positive and significant relationships between all variables; regression analyses show that the effects of organizational culture in general, innovative and supportive organizational cultures among culture types and paternalistic leadership on contextual performance are positive and significant. Within the scope of mediating effect analyses, it is shown that paternalistic leadership has a significant mediating role in the effects of supportive and innovative organizational cultures on contextual performance. Paternalistic leadership strengthens the effect of innovative and supportive organizational cultures on contextual performance.