Unregistered Economy. Measurement. It?s dimensions and results in Turkey

Informal economy increased intensely after 1970s and has reached to significant levels during last 30 years. For this reason, to carry out an investigation in order to reach a resolution on this matter has become an urgent necessity.Even the definition of the term ?informal? has become a problem and it is called in accordance with the researches that have been carried out by the researchers? according to their areas of interests and priorities. Like as, ?hidden economy?, ?submerge economy?, ?marginal economy?, ?black economy?, ?underground economy? and etc.In general terms, informal economy can be defined as all types of economic transactions not within the knowledge of the public authority.Low income, inequality in economy, weakness of government and deficiency of national ethics are the main four issues affecting the increase of the informal economy significantly.?Income? occurs unlawfully in informal economy while ?production? improves unlawfully in illegal activities that are accepted as a crime. Although struggle against illicit money means also the fight against informal economy, the form of struggle is completely different from each other.Informal economy, as its name implies, is not subjected to a formal record, and it is tried to be estimated by various methods (survey, tax investigation, and employment, monetary and combined methods) from the point of view of its signs in economy. After the studies carried out on the subject by different methods in different years, average rate of the informal economy is detected 30 % - 40 % which is considerably high.Laws should be in the capacity of being adequate for improving conditions and satisfying necessities. Coordination and communication between institutions and data base systems should be established and developed. Tax administration, audit, social security institution and all other institutions should be made effective. The working conditions should be more comfortable and expenses should be decreased. The economy ought to become nominative and registered through the banking sector. Struggle against corruption and bribe should be carried out effectively, education level should be increased, consciousness of tax responsibility should be provided and even campaigns should be organized about it. Causes arising from social structure (population growth, migration, urbanization, unemployment) should be prevented. The struggle against informal economy could be successful in a period of 5 - 10 years in the framework of the programs and strategic plans carried out earnestly by taking country?s conditions into account.