Research on the breeding ecology of the Cyprus Scops Owl (Otus cyprius)

Otus cyprius (Cyprus Scops Owl) is an endemic owl species distributed in Cyprus. There is a lack of information on many aspects of the species such as its breeding phenology and habitat status. This study aims to contribute to the data on the breeding ecology of the species and to determine nest site preferences. A total of 50 nests placed in three different study areas in 2022 and two in 2023 were regularly monitored from April to July, and breeding parameters of the nests were recorded. A study was conducted to determine the nest site preference of the species, evaluating nine different criteria. In 2022, a total of 16 nests used by Otus cyprius were identified, with nest success calculated as 68.75% and breeding success as 52.27%. In 2023, a total of 21 nests were used, with nest success recorded as 80.95% and breeding success as 69.70%. The nest success and breeding success over the two years were determined as 75.68% and 62.73% respectively. Regarding nest site preferences, it was found that proximity to the nearest secondary road, proportional value of wooded areas, and proportional value of open areas were significant factors. The study revealed that the breeding and nest success of the species were lower compared to studies conducted in the southern part of the island and resembled the breeding success of its close relative, Otus scops (Eurasian Scops Owl).