Investigation of the mechanical properties of hemp/basalt fiber reinforced hybrid composites

In recent years, environmental issues such as global warming and plastic waste have increased interest in natural fiber-based engineering materials. In this thesis study, hybrid composite materials were produced using sustainable natural hemp fibers and basalt fibers, and their properties were characterized. The tensile properties of hemp/basalt hybrid composites were examined to understand their behavior under axial loads and to enable their reliable use in structural design. The findings revealed that, in addition to the type of fiber, the positioning of these fibers within the composite structure also plays a decisive role in mechanical performance. In bending tests, significant differences in flexural strength and modulus were observed depending on the fiber stacking sequence. Structures such as HBHB and BHHB, which had basalt fibers on the tensile side (bottom layer), exhibited higher strength values by more effectively resisting the tensile stresses occurring in the lower region during bending. This indicates that desired mechanical properties can be achieved in a balanced manner by optimizing fiber placement in hybrid structures.