Performance based payment model proposal in urban mass transport systems - Antalya example

In the public transportation system, privatizations are carried out as the sale of existing state-owned enterprises and vehicles, or the inclusion of private enterprises in the system through the tender method of certain lines or the entire public transportation system due to the increase in costs, decrease in efficiency and increase of subsidies. In the examples experienced in the world, as a result of privatization in public transportation systems, costs have decreased at first, service area has been expanded, but then it has been observed that the loss of efficiency and service quality, and therefore the attractiveness of the public transportation system has been lost. As a result, privatization is not a solution to the problems of the public transport service, and additional measures are taken for service quality. In Turkey, in public transportation systems where mixed (both public and private operators) or only private operators arise as a result of privatization, due to the free or discounted transportation of privileged passengers (Over 65 years old, disabled, students, etc.) due to the continuously increasing operating costs, subsidies to transportation companies by central and local governments have come to the agenda and different practices are carried out. There is no standard for evaluating performance criteria and improving travel service quality in order to reduce costs of private operators, increase their efficiency and improve service quality. For this reason, in the study, the performance criteria and payment principles that have to be evaluated within the scope of the contracts to be executed by various methods for the operation of private public transportation companies in the public transportation system have been handled, and it has been aimed to establish a performance-based payment model in the sample transportation system. For this, the contract and payment models applied in the literature were evaluated, a mathematical model was established for a performance-based payment model, and the cost assessment was made by using the historical data of the private public transportation company, which was sampled, using the ANFIS method. The payment model coefficients were created by determining the weights of the determined performance criteria with AHP method. As a result, it was observed that the proposed model gave 37% better results in the income-expense ratio of private operators and the costs of the operators were fully covered. In this way, it is considered that the sustainability of the public transportation system can be ensured, and the service quality can be increased with additional performance payments, making public transportation attractive. The thesis study is considered to be unique in content, in terms of proposing a vehicle-based payment model on the basis of cost + performance, and as method, in terms of using an heuristic algorithm in the evaluation of public transportation costs and calculating variable costs per km and for defining performance criteria obtaining instant vehicle occupancy with infrared passenger counter.