Investigation of the effect of the cryogenic process applied to cutting tool and workpiece on cutting temperature, surface roughness and tool life

As the cryogenic process is the most harmless mechanical healing process in terms of both environmentally friendly and human health, its usage is increasing day by day. In this study, the effect of deep cryogenic treatment applied to cylindrical workpiece and CNC turning cutting tool material on surface roughness, tool life and cutting temperature parameters was investigated. In this context, Sleipner cold work tool steel was used as the workpiece material and PVD coated carbide tools were used as the cutting tool. Both the workpiece and the cutting tool material were deep cryogenically treated at -196 °C. Cryogenically treated workpieces and cutting tools were tempered at 200 °C for 2 hours. Three different cutting speeds (40, 60, 80 m/min) and three different feed rates (0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mm/rev) and a fixed depth of cut (1 mm) were taken. A total of 36 cutting tests were carried out for two different materials and two different cutting tools. When we look at the experiment results, 20.7%better results are seen in the surface roughness of the cutting tools with cryogenic treatment compared to the cutting tools without cryogenic treatment, while the temperature values show 1.13%lower values. In addition, it was concluded that the application of cryogenic treatment to the cutting tools increased the tool life by 33%.