Preparation of acrylamide based hydrojel composites containing clay, olive pomace char and potassium humate

Hydrogels are cross-linked polymeric structures that exhibit hydrophilic behavior and have the ability to absorb and retain water tens of times their own weight. These materials can be used in many areas because they can respond to certain stimuli such as temperature, pH, solvent composition depending on the conditions of the environment they are in. In this thesis, hydrogels composites with different contents; acrylamide (AAm), acrylic acid (AA), kaolin (Kao), char (Ch), potassium humate (PH), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and acrylamide (AAm), itaconic acid (IA), kaolin (Kao), char (Ch), potassium humate (PH), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were synthesized. The percent of swelling capacities of the synthesized hydrogels were calculated in distilled water, NaCl and different pHs. The highest % swelling capacity value in pure water was determined as 31255% for AAm-IA hydrogel and as 188586% for AAm-AA hydrogel. In the synthesized composite hydrogels, on the other hand, AAm-IA-Kao-Ch-PH-PVA showed the highest %swelling value with a value of 9736%, while the %swelling capacity of the AAm-AA-Kao-Ch-PH-PVA composite hydrogel was 7806%. It was determined that the hydrogels were sensitive to pH and temperature. The synthesized hydrogels were analyzed by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA analyses. The characteristic peaks in the FTIR analysis show that the chemical reaction occurs, the XRD analysis results show that the gels are amorphous, the SEM analyzes show that the fillers are homogeneously distributed in the hydrogels, and the TGA analyzes show that the PVA added to the structure increases the initial degradation temperature of the hydrogels. The usability of composite hydrogels as adsorbent in the removal of MB from aqueous solutions was investigated by the Taguchi method. It was observed that they can be used as adsorbent in MB removal.