Evaluation of some hemotological and biochemical parameters during and after ovariohysterectomy in queens suffered from cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex

Pyometra is diagnosed less frequently in cats and the disease is believed to be initiated by the combination of hormonal or bacterial factors. The disease is a potentially life threatening uterine inflammation that can induce endotoxemia, sepsis, and septic shock. The objectives of this study were to investigate (1) haematological parameters (white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes/monocytes (L/M), granulocytes, red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelets and (2) biochemical parameters (albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and total protein parameters obtained before and after ovariohysterectomy (OH) in closed cystic endometrial hyperplasia pyometra complex (CPC), open CPC and healthy control cats. The anamnesis of CPC cats was based on the complaints of the animals' owner. Clinical examination, ultrasonography and/or radiography were performed. A total of 18 queens was divided into 3 groups as closed CPC (n:6), open CPC (n:6) and healthy cats (n:6, control). Blood samples were collected on day 0 (pre OH) and day 7 (post OH) and analysed for the related parameters. Statistical analyse was performed. It was determined that the abdominal region was dilated, to the loss of appetite was evident, reluctance and the ultrasonography revealed that the uterus showed hypoechogenic fluid filled structure. No history of polyuria and polydipsia was obtained except in one cat. The vaginal discharge of animals with open CPC was detected. No change in body temperature was evident in all groups. In preoperation period, WBC and granulocytes were observed to be higher and statistically different in closed CPC group than those detected in open CPC and control groups. L/M values were found to exceed normal limits in preoperative blood analysis in closed and open CPC cats, whereas WBC, granulocyte, and L/M values decreased to normal limits in closed CPC after OH. In closed and open CPC groups, RBC, HCT and HBG values were found to be in normal ranges but those were slightly lower than healthy cats. After operation, they were observed to be in normal levels. No differences were found in MCHC and platelets levels between and within groups. In the biochemical analyses, albumin values were found to be within the reference limits in all three groups, while the values obtained in the open and closed CPC groups were significantly lower than those detected in the control group. In the postoperative analysis, it was determined that the values obtained in all three groups were statistically different. AST and ALT values were found to be within normal limits pre and post OH in all groups. However, there were no differences in BUN and total protein values between and within groups, creatinine was found to be higher in the preoperative period in the open and closed groups compared to the control group, the difference was found to be statistically significant. In conclusion, WBC, L/M and granulocyte are good indicators because of retained purulent content in uterus in closed CPC cats, since those parameters have been monitored normal either in open CPC and control cats orin all animals after ovariohysterectomy. It seems that ovariohysterectomy is the best option for the recovery of the health of the animals and normalization of blood values. Key Words: cat, pyometra, cystic endometrial hiperplasi, haematological and biochemical parameters