Evaluation of the effect of chitosan nanoparticles on the push-OUT bond strength of calcium-silicate based cements and the removal of smear layer

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan nanoparticles and 17% EDTA on the push-out bond strength of two different calcium silicate based cements (MTA Plus ve Biodentine) and the removal of smear layer. Materials and Methods: A total of 46 single-rooted human maxillary canines were decoronated and shaped with ProTaper Next rotary files up to size X3. 40 tooth were sectioned transversally into two sections of 1 mm thick. Following this, 80 slices were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the final irrigant and the calcium silicate cement used (n = 20): Group Ⅰ: chitosan nanoparticles-MTA, Group Ⅱ: chitosan nanoparticlesBiodentine, Group Ⅲ: EDTA-MTA, Group Ⅳ: EDTA-Biodentine. The push-out bond strengths were measured using a Universal testing machine after 7 days of storage. The SEM analysis was done for the remaining 6 teeth after irrigation protocol to evaluate the smear layer removal. Results: According to the bond strength results, the mean value for chitosan nanoparticles when compared to EDTA was higher, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0,132 > 0,05). Statistically significant differences were observed between Biodentine and MTA (p<0,05). There was no statistically significant difference in smear layer removal between chitosan nanoparticles and EDTA (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of chitosan nanoparticles as an alternative chelating agent for smear layer removal seems promising. Keywords: Chitosan, nanoparticles, smear layer, push-out bond strength, calcium silicate cements