Resistance Patterns of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Clinical Samples

Resistance Patterns of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Clinical SamplesThe determination of resistance to various antibiotics of Pneumococcal strains isolated in our hospital cases has been planned. In this study, 92 Streptococcus Pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical specimens that have been sent to the Central Laboratory between March 2006 and December 2007 at Cukurova University Medical Faculty Balcalı Hospital outpatient clinics or inpatients in a variety of services were included. Antimicrobial resistance of 92 S. pneumoniae strains penicilin, ceftriaxone, meropeneme, erythromycin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampine, chloramphenicol , vancomycin and telitromycine were determined by disc diffusion and E-test method (AB-Biodisk,Sweeden). Antibiotic resistance was investigated according to the NCLLS guidelines.As a result of this study, in the cases of 29 children and 63 adults the rates of penicillin resistance were 17.2% and 12.7% respectively. Although in children there was no resistance strains to ceftriaxone, 3.2% of strains isolated from adults were resistance to ceftiraxone. The resistance rates to meropeneme, erythromycin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in children and adults were 3.4% and 6.3%, 51.7% and 30.2%, 10.3% and 3.2%, 31.0% and 15.9 %, 34.5% and 27.0%, and 62.1% and 36.5% respectively. Although in children there were no resistances to rifampine, 3.2% of strains isolated from adults specimens were resistance to rifampine. In children and adults the resistance rate to chloramphenicol was 3.4% and 6.3% respectively. There were no resistances to vancomycin and telitromycine in both children and adults.It is controversial the optimal treatment of serious pneumococcal infections caused by Pnemococccus that are intermediate and high level resistant to penicillin. The existence of heterogeneous patient population, the presence of risk factors that simultaneously affect mortality, and the majority of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistant to penicillin that are intermediate resistance are difficult to interpret causes. Despite the lack of clinical experiences, and the majority of investigators still are believe that there is principle treatment of pneumococcal infections caused by penicillin-sensitive strains. It is appeared that we have over against a serious problem related to increasing rates of penicillin resistance isolates in pnemococccus strains. The difficulties in the treatment due to of development resistance necessitate immunization against pneumococcal infection.Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Streptecoccus pneumoniae