The stage of the disease in copd, respiratory function tests, anthropometric measurements and relations with nutrition

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the malnutrition prevalence and nutritional status in a group of patients with COPD in Malatya; to make anthropometric measurements of the patients; and to examine the relation between respiratory function tests and these factors. Material and Method: The present study was planned in the cross-sectional design, and was conducted on the COPD outpatients who applied to Malatya, Inonu University, Turgut Ozal Medical Center in 2017; and on the COPD inpatients who applied to Chest Diseases Department, COPD Polyclinic as outpatients but were hospitalized in Chest Diseases Department for the purpose of treatment in the same period. A total of 105 patients were contacted in the study. SFT was applied to the patients after they were examined in the policlinic; questions were asked to the participants on malnutrition after the examination; and the anthropometric measurements of the patients were made with Bioelectric Impedance Method. To evaluate the nutrition intake, 3-day 24-hour Remembrance Method was used, and the nutrition record forms were given to the patients. The SPSS 22 and BeBIS programs were used in the analyses of the data. The Kruskal Wallis Test, Mann Whitney-U Test, Student T Test, One-Way ANOVA Test, Spearman Correlation Test and Chi-Square Tests were also used in the analyses of the study data. The significance level was taken as p≤ 0.05. Results: The malnutrition prevalence in COPD patients was found to be 17%. A significant relation was detected between the BMI groups, malnutrition status and respiratory function tests. The SFT values of the patients who had malnutrition and who had low BMI values were found to be low at a significant level (p=0.001). It was determined that as the disease year increased, the inflammation frequency also increased (p=0.010). No relation was detected between BMI, GOLD stage, malnutrition and inflammation. However, it was found that as the mMRC score increased, so did the malnutrition frequency (p=0.002). A positive and significant correlation was determined between the body area muscle amount, fat outer tissue amount, and respiratory function test values. A positive correlation was found between the protein amount in the diet and the muscle mass (p≤0.001, r=+0.997). No relation was determined between the Omega6 and Omega3 rates in the diet and inflammation (p=1.000). Conclusion: Malnutrition is an important problem in COPD patients. The SFT values of the patients who had malnutrition and whose BMI values were low were found to be lower at a significant level. A diet rich in protein is important in preserving the muscle mass. It may be recommended that the protein content is increased in the diets of the patients, and physical activities are started.