Obstacles to access to resources to finance the most appropriate technology for SME's

In the century that we live in, all societies aim for financial development and progress. Raising the living standards and increasing the income levels and job opportunities of individuals constitute the building blocks of industrialization. An examination of the role they've played in historical processes makes it evident that small and medium sized enterprises should be considered the beginning of the process of industrialization. SMEs make up a substantial portion of the production industry in Turkey as well as around the world, and continually gain in importance, with their share in employment in particular constantly rising. SMEs, comprising 99,9% of all enterprises and 75,8% of the workforce in Turkey, are having a hard time keeping up with the new rules, advances in technology, globalization, and the competitive environment in the globalized economy that the new economic order has brought forth, due to their traditional styles of production and the lack of capital and qualified personnel (including the lack of training of SME owners and senior managers). SMEs, which are struggling to survive in face of these problems should be examined from the perspective of new corporate economy, pertaining to the corporate structure and in the matters of transaction costs, property rights and institutionalization, which affect the approach to industry 4.0 due to economic performance, competition and technological capability. The differences between the levels of development of different societies have been attributed to differences of geographical factors by Jared Diamond, the power of the free market economy by Adam Smith and cultural differences between nations by Max Weber, whereas Acemoğlu and Robinson defend that they're based on the strength and structure of the economic and political institutions of a nation. Revealing on the one hand the problems of SMEs, which have difficulties subsisting, and on the other hand the problems the institutions that support SMEs in facing these difficulties and having a presence in national and international competition face in reaching SMEs, a solution will be tried to be devised, in connection with the theory of new corporate economy. Institutions (the majority of the istitutions that support SMEs are public), legal regulations, property rights and transaction costs play a major part in the development of SMEs. In this context, it should be aimed to make SMEs strong and competitive in the national and international arenas by contributing to their access to appropriate financial resources and grants they need. In our study, a survey link was directed to manufacturing SMEs through KOSGEB, getting a response from 653. With this survey, the correlation between the business structure, the levels of education of business owners and managers, whether the accounting records are kept, whether the directors and managers are professionals, whether the business has a finance department and whether they can benefit from grants and benefits. In the last part of the survey it has been tried to examine the effect of the COVID pandemic that's been ongoing since December 2019 on businesses and, bearing in mind the pandemic, the obstacles to be overcome by SMEs in Turkey in reaching the resources to finance the most appropriate technology, on the basis of their relations to institutions that support SMEs, and to research alternative methods.