PCNA and ki-67 expression in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma

The aim of this study is investigating relationship between proliferative markers Ki-67, PCNA expression in cholesteatoma matrix and cholesteatomas radiographic, intraoperative stage. The study was conducted on 100 patient who were operated due to chronic otitis media (COM) with and without cholesteatoma. The patients were divided into four groups. Group 1 consist of 19-55 age patients who were operated due to the COM with cholesteatoma and group 2 consist of 6-18 age patients who were also operated due to the COM with cholesteatoma. Group 3 consist of 19-55 age patients who were operated due to the COM without cholesteatoma and group 4 consist of 6-18 age patients who were operated due to the COM without cholesteatoma. The samples were obtained from cholesteatoma matrix and external ear canal skin for group 1 and group 2. However, for goup 3 and group 4, samples were obtained from only external ear canal skin. The samples were determined immunohistochemically. The rates of positive cells were semi-quantitatively classified into four groups. The groups were defined as the following: 0- no staining, 1-cell staining ( %1-25 staining of cells), 2-cell staining ( %26-50 staining of cells), 3-cell staining ( %51-75 staining of cells), 4-cell staining ( %76-100 staining of cells). According to the PCNA and Ki-67 staining scores among the whole groups , the highest staining score is observed from the pediatric cholesteatoma group. When the correlation was evaluated from the cholesteatomas radiographic and intraoperative stage of the group 1 and group 2 with PCNA and Ki-67 expression, expression increase of proliferation markers and advanced stage of cholesteatoma have a significant interaction statistically. When compared the PCNA and Ki-67 expressions from group 3 and group 4, investigation shows that staining scores are morehigher in group 4 (p<0.05). Furthermore, it is thought that this differentiation in group 4 is caused by the mitotic activities of pediatric age group. Consequently, findings suggest that PCNA and Ki-67 expression is increasing by the increase in spread of cholesteatoma. PCNA and Ki-67 expression may useful for estimate prognosis at choronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. In addition, to make this relationship more clear, next researches in which more circumstances are investigated are required. Keywords: Cholesteatoma, PCNA, Ki-67