Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of splenic masses in dogs

In this study, 101 spleen tissues were examined to investigate canine spleen lesions with pathomorphological and immunohistochemical methods. The tissues were obtained surgically from dogs admitted to polyclinics and animal hospitals that had pathologies in their spleens. Examination of the operation materials was carried out in the pathology laboratory of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. After microscopic examination the tissues were divided into two main groups: neoplastic and non-neoplastic. The most common tumors in neoplastic lesions were hemangiosarcomas. Following hemangiosarcomas, lymphoma, stromal sarcomas, histiocytic sarcoma were less common, the least common lesion being spleen metastasis. Hematomas, lymphoid hyperplasia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, splenitis, leishmaniasis and abnormal storage diseases were observed in non-neoplastic lesions. In most cases, hemangiosarcomas were diagnosed morphologically. In some cases, it was similar to other tumors of microscopic structure. In such cases, the CD31 antibody was used to differentiate the hemangiosarcoma. CD3, CD20 and CD79 antibodies were used to differentiate T and B subtypes in lymphoma diagnoses. The Iba-1 antibody was used in suspected histiocytic sarcoma cases. Vimentin, MNF, CD31 and S-100 antibodies were used in the diagnosis of stromal sarcomas. MNF antibody was used in one case for the diagnosis of splenic metastasis of carcinoma. Extramedullary hematopoiesis, lymphoid hyperplasia and hematomas were generally observed together in non-neoplastic lesions. In some cases, it was seen that non-neoplastic lesions accompanied neoplastic lesions. When only non-neoplastic cases were evaluated, hematomas were the most common. 2 Leishmaniasis cases were diagnosed through phagocyted parasitic agents in macrophages. No agent was observed in 3 splenitis cases. It is thought that splenitis cases may be due to systemic effects. IHC appears to be a necessity rather than an option in the final diagnosis of neoplastic lesions. This study is the first to examine canine spleen lesions in the country and, in the author's opinion will aid and contribute to the literature and future studies.