Corelation of hematological parameters in cord blood with apgar and evaluation of sepsis

Sepsis is a multisystemic disease with high neonatal mortality and morbidity. The exact diagnosis is made by producing bacteria in the blood culture. Due to the absence of specific findings and markers to enable diagnosis in neonatal sepsis and the high cost of markers with high sensitivity, our study was carried out in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment by evaluating low-cost markers in cord blood that can be evaluated in any hospital. The correlation of blood tests with clinical findings and APGAR was evaluated. Our study was carried out prospectively between August 2018 and August 2019 in newborns born in Bozok University Research and Application Hospital. 100 newborns were included in the study. 31 newborns were hospitalized. Sepsis was detected in 22 of them. Newborns with a chorioamniod in the mother, a history of early membrane rupture, need of resuscitation, fetal distress, asphyxia, major anomaly and intracranial bleeding were not included. Data analysis was done using SPSS, Mann Whitney U, T test. According to T test values that are related to sepsis such as APGAR 5th minute score, week in maternity, RBC, cord blood gas pH and hemotocrit ​were considered insignificant in BLR analysis. In terms of the risk of sepsis, APGAR 1st minute score and procalcitonin were found to be more important than glucose and hemoglobin. A very strong relationship was observed between the APGAR 1st and 5th minute scores. The APGAR 1st and 5th minute scores were correlated linearly between HCO3 and BE; and opposite between PO2 and lactate. A relationship between APGAR 1st and 5th minute scores and Hemotocrit and between APGAR 5th minute score and RBC was identified. Neonatal sepsis, APGAR score and hematological parameters were found to be interrelated. According to our study, the association of hemoglobin, glucose, procalcitonin and APGAR levels in cord blood in newborns without any risk factors was found to be significant in the early diagnosis of sepsis. In patients with high hematological parameter values in cord blood, an advanced examination plan is recommended in terms of sepsis. In addition, in patients at risk for sepsis, procalcitonin results driven from cord blood will enable early diagnosis and treatment to be initiated. Studies in larger groups, on high-risk patients, those with a history of asphyxia, prematures and neonatals with additional disease in the mother will help further clarify these parameters.