Lipid and protein oxidation and levels of selenium containing antioxidants in coronary atery patients

XIVSUMMARYLipid and protein oxidation and levels of selenium containing antioxidants incoronary artery patientsAtherosclerosis is a vessel disease that it shows is self with becoming thick andlosing flexibility of arteries, and catchs especially aorta, coronary and cerebralarteries. There is a variety of hypothesis about the pathogenesis of atherosclerosiswhich is suggested. The most common valid hypothesis among them is thehypothesis of oxidative stress.The oxidative stress can be basically defined as a unbalance between theantioxidant defence and free radicals production of body. Enzymatic protectionagainst ROS and the breakdown products of peroxidized lipids and oxidized proteinand DNA is provided by many enzyme systems such as superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase(GSSG-R). Clinical studies shows that on atherosclerotic patients the activity ofantioxidant becomes less. However the relation between atherosclerosis and levels ofantioxidant markers is not known entirely.It has been noted that in the coronary heart disease the profiles of serum lipidis changing. In the development of atherosclerosis the most serious contrubition thatof lipid fraction is low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. It is accepted that bythe increase in LDL-cholesterol, the store in subendothelial area and response ofinflammatuary cell starts. Epidemiological studies has shown that by the increase inLDL- cholesterol levels of societies, the risk of coronary arteries disease is alsoincreasing.In this study, 59 patients (21 women, 38 men) who undergoing coronaryangiography that divided in 3 groups according to their number of obstructedcoronaries; one vessel (n=21), two vessels (n=18) and three vessels (n=20). Thesubjects with normal coronary angiograms (n=19, 12 women, 7 men) were evaluatedas controls. Serum lipid panels, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls(PCO), total sulfhydryl (-SH) levels, erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) levels, GPx andXVGSSG-R activities measured from the blood samples taken from patients andcontrols.As the result of study, on coronary heart patients were observed that the plasmaMDA levels were increased, the erythrocyte GPx activities were decreased withregard to control group. No statistical significant relation has been found on PCO and-SH levels, serum total cholesterol, trygliseride, LDL, very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) collestrol levels, erytrocyte GSH levelsand GSSG-R activities between patients and control groups.In this study, we found that increase of lipid peroxidation and decrease ofGPx level which is an antioxidant enzyme on the atherosclerotic patients. Thelacking of correlation between vessel obstruction and lipid panel has revealed thatlipid panel wouldn?t be the early indicator of atheosclerosis in all instances. Since theincrease of MDA level and GPx activity in aterosclerosis, it would be benefical tochecking these parameters in clinic with lipid panel in order to make early diagnosisof atherosclerosis. For validity of these ideas, there is a necessary to more advancedstudies.Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Oxidative stres, Antioxidants, LDL