Kuantum kriptografinin finansal bilgisayar sistemlerinde kullanımı üzerine

Nowadays, with the increase of data usage, more advanced communication channels with high protection are required. How can we ensure that information is reliably protected when even the most reliable software has security vulnerabilities? For now, we can estimate that these tasks have been accomplished, thanks to classical cryptography. Today, the most critical threat to classical cryptography is the principles of quantum mechanics used in computing. According to many experts, it is possible to reliably protect information with quantum cryptography at the present stage of technology. The most experimentally advanced area of quantum science is quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography provides information security based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics. The active development of technology spreads to all areas of life. In the world, the role of modern information technologies in the financial system is constantly increasing, so the security of such systems is of great importance. Currently, the financial technology market is growing actively. Increasing complexity in financial information technologies leads to a significant increase in security risk factors that may occur in information systems. In this paper, we present a summary and analysis of quantum information methods that have been developed to date. Here we analyze quantum technologies in the data security of financial systems. We examine the most well-known primitives and protocols of quantum cryptography. Also, we describe studies that are at the theoretical and laboratory research stage with commercially available QKD systems. We compare the features of quantum and classical cryptosystems and, based on this, explore their advantages and disadvantages. Correspondingly, we examine the approaches to data protection within the framework of quantum cryptography. Finally, we compile cryptographic issues arising in financial systems and the solutions suggested for these problems in the literature.