Investigation of the spatial-spatial change of Turkey's drought risk areas between 2011-2100 with Geographical İnformation Systems (GIS) and CHELSA digital climate databases in the global climate change process

AccordingtotheIntergovermental Panel on ClimatieChange(IPCC) 2023 report, it is estimatedthatsurfacetemperatures in the world willincreasebetween1.5°C and 4,5°C duetogreenhousegases. Theconsequences of thedevastatinganddifficult-to-preventenvironmentalcrisisresultingfromthistemperatureincreasewillaffectallcountries, richandpoor. Therefore, it is of vitalimportanceforcountriestourgentlyidentifydrought risk areascendquicklyinitiatestudies on themeasuresto be taken in theseregions. Inthisthesisstudy; it has beenaimedtodetermining (mapping) andinterpretingspatio-temporalchange of Turkey'sdrought risk areasbyutilizing SSP370 and SSP585 scenariosdatabaseswhichhavehighresolutionandsemanticaccuracyfor 2011-2100 time period of the GFDL-ESM4 method of Climatologies at High ResolutionfortheEarth's Land SurfaceAreas(CHELSA).Thedataobtainedwereconvertedintodrought risk mapsusingGeographic Information Systems (GIS) andinterpretedafterspatialanalysis. Additionally, Turkey'sKöppen-Geigerclimateclassificationmapsforthe time periods of 2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2070-2100 wereobtainedandinterpreted. Drought risk mapsweremappedbyspatialanalysis of theareaswiththehighesttemperatureandlowestprecipitation in 2011-2100.AccordingtotheSSP 370 scenario; thedrought risk area, which had an area of 26.83% in 2011-2040, increasedto 27.52% in 2041-2070 andslightlydecreasedto 27.41% in 2071-2100. Thehighestdrought risk areawasobserved in theSoutheastern Anatolia Regionwith 95.77%. ThiswasfollowedbyMarmara (67.68%), Aegean (48.16%), Mediterranean (31.23%), Central Anatolia (9.30%), Eastern Anatolia (8.23%), and Black Sea (5.08%) regions, respectively. AccordingtotheSSP 585 scenario; Thedrought risk area, which had an area of 26.75% in 2011-2040, increasedto 28.20% in 2041-2070 andslightlydecreasedto 27.47% in 2071-2100.Thehighestdrought risk areawasobserved in theSoutheastern Anatolia Regionwith 96.02%. ThiswasfollowedbyMarmara (65.46%), Aegean (49.07%), Mediterranean (31.51%), Central Anatolia (11.40%), Eastern Anatolia (8.24%),and Black Sea (4.44%) regions. As a result, the SSP 585 drought risk areawasfoundssimilartothe SSP370 scenario in terms of regionalranking.Thisstudy has producedimportantresults in terms of clearlyrevealingpotentialdroughtareas of Turkeyandsheddinglight on futurestudies.