Fictional languages, cultural neologisms and transcreation: Transferences from English into Turkish and German

Authors create fictional languages that attract attention through their lexical foreignness and creativity, and reflect the social identities of the fictional characters to present their fictional worlds to the readers more authentically. This study focuses on the Turkish and German transcreations of the new words, i.e. cultural neologisms of new coinages, transferred words and derived words in fictional languages within "The Cultural Neologism Transcreation Model". The aim of this study is to bring a holistic approach to the transcreations of the fictional languages through 17 works famous for their fictional languages, 42 translations, 10 fictional languages and a total of 3256 cultural neologism analysis units, and thus, to present a roadmap to the future translations of works with fictional languages through both qualitative analyses and quantitative data. According to the inductive findings of the study, the most frequently used translation strategy in the transcreations of the new coined words is Transference with a rate of 61.9%, and specifically; Transference for Pravic, Anglo-Ubiq, Hressa-Hlab, Lapine, Fremen and Elvish Languages, Target Language Neologism for San Lorenzo and Newspeak and lastly, Functional Equivalent for Nadsat. The Transference strategy is still central in transferred cultural neologisms with a rate of 31.4% while Transference in San Lorenzo, Pravic, Anglo-Ubiq, Fremen, Newspeak, Lapine and Elvish Languages, and Functional Equivalent in Nadsat and Hardic. For derived cultural neologisms, Literal Translation occupies the central position in the transcreations of the derived cultural neologisms whereas specifically; Literal Translation for San Lorenzo, Anglo-Ubiq, Fremen, Lapine and Hardic, Target Language Neologism for Elvish Languages, Functional Equivalent for Pravic and Nadsat, and Descriptive Term for Hressa-Hlab. The most frequently used translation strategies in the transcreations of the fictional languages in the Turkish and German translated literature have been determined as Transference, Functional Equivalent, Naturalization, Target Language Neologism and Literal Translation with the rates of 28.8%, 16,4%, 12,5%, 11,5% and 6,9%. The transcreations of fictional languages have been observed to be a journey from the creativity of the author to the creativity of the translator, aiming an equivalent acculturation process for the target readers.