An examination of the performance features in the works vocalized by Lale and Nerkis Hanimlar in terms of musical elements

Many voice performers who have been trained in the field of Classical Turkish Music with meşk education have provided the development of this art by giving direction to this art with their performance features. The fact that the sound recording technology provided the performers with the opportunity to present their art and to be listened to by a large audience also supported this development, so that the performance features of the past periods, which were very valuable, were transferred to the present day. Lale and Nerkis Hanımlar, who were students of Udi Nevres Bey and were among the first female artists whose voices were recorded on gramophone records in the first years of the Republic, were recognized as two remarkable female "hânende" by revealing their idiosyncratic characteristic performance features and contributed to our music culture in terms of vocal performance. In this study, based on the idea that the oldest sound recordings that we can find, as a legacy, offer us an idea about the performance features of those periods and set an example for today's new generation voice performers, it is aimed to determine and embody the performance features of Lale and Nerkis Hanımlar by examining them in terms of musical elements. The research is important in terms of revealing the performance features of those periods, discussing the life, art and performance features of Lale and Nerkis Hanımlar, and the lack of sufficient number of studies on this subject. It is thought that the research will be a guide for the new generation of female voice performers and contribute to the formation and classification of the history of performance features in Classical Turkish Music. It is a descriptive qualitative research based on the survey model in terms of the general framework, purpose and method of the research. In the first part of the research, a literature review was conducted and data were collected in order to obtain information about the research topic. In the findings and comments section of the research, the works performed by Lale and Nerkis Hanımlar and selected according to certain criteria were tried to be examined with the document analysis method within the framework of the musical elements that reveal the performance features of Lale and Nerkis Hanımlar. These works, which were notated with their characteristic performance features, were then analyzed in comparison with the musical notes in the TRT repertoire and the differences between them were tried to be revealed.