Lenke type 1 A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis the effect of trunk rotation change on thoracic kyphosis in radiography imaging: A model study

This study was conducted in individuals with Lenke type 1 A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in order to show how thoracic kyphosis changes with rotations and to present a suggestion to the literature by planning the measurement of the true sagittal radiographs due to spinal rotation during the measurements on the sagittal radiographs used during sagittal plane analysis. A spine model created by printing from a 3D printer was used to carry out the measurements. In the spine model, Model 1 represented the neutral spine, while Models 2, 3, 4, 5 were given scoliotic spine curvature and apical vertebral rotation. In order for the measurements to be carried out, the spine model placed on the table and the phone fixed to the model and the phones attached separately to 2 tripods opposite were placed in the dark room. The height of the model and the tripotes from the ground and the distances between each other were measured and fixed in cm. The digital compass (Smart Compass, 6.5, Mobile Solution Tech) application was opened from the phone fixed to the model. Light was shined from the phone in the 1st tripod and pictures were taken from the phone in the 2nd tripod. The picture of each model was photographed from the antero-posterior and lateral plane. The compass was opened from the phone fixed to the model and moving simultaneously, and the model in the lateral plane was rotated 5, 10, 15 degrees clockwise and 5, 10, 15 degrees counterclockwise, and the images of the angles obtained on the wall were photographed. In the images reflected on the wall, the apical vertebra was determined as the thoracic 8th vertebra (T8). 9 photos were obtained for each model. The Cobb angles of the photographed models were measured with the Surgimap (©2019, Nemaris, Version 2.3.2.1) program. Care was taken to measure and photograph the rotations of the apical vertebrae to the same standard with the scoliometer, paying attention to the stability and position of the model model. Thoracic kyphosis in the lateral plane was measured as the angle between the 5th dorsal vertebra and the 12th dorsal vertebra (T5-T12). The change of kyphosis with model rotation was reported with recorded measurements. In our study, in which we wanted to present more statistically decisive results, detailed reports were presented by supporting them with tables and graphs due to the inadequacy of the data. According to the reports of this study, when the kyphosis angle measurement graphs of all models according to rotations were examined, it was clearly seen that the differences in kyphosis angle variability obtained by stem rotations increased, especially as the cobb angle increased (Models 3,4, 5). The increase in kyphosis angles by rotating the models clockwise (in the direction of the apical vertebrae), the fact that the basis of the true sagittal radiography should be established in the individual with scoliosis, which is defined as hypokyphosis in sagittal radiographs, that the true sagittal radius was moved away from when it came to body rotation, and therefore reliable measurement with radiographs for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients showed that more importance should be given to the correction of sagittal parameters.