Ottoman economic thought towards liberalism from protectionism: Namik Kemal-Sakizli Ohannes Efendi- Akyiğitzade Musa

It is mentioned in this thesis; first of all, the approaches of thinkers and statesmen such as Namık Kemal, Sakızlı Ohannes Efendi and Akyiğitzade Musa. After that, schools opened in the field of Ottoman Industry, Trade and Agriculture, sending students to Europe, National Banks, National factories, II. After legitimacy, the understanding of industrialization, the policies of grounding the Peasant, the national economy and the national bourgeoisie, the trade and industrial policies of the Union and Progress Society, Transport and capital were mentioned. The process of turning the economy of the Ottoman state from liberalism to protectionism has been mentioned. Again, in this study, the reasons for the orientation to protectionism are explained. He was told how he financed the first World War and solved the problems he faced. In the policies of the Ottoman Empire in the last period, it was asked to examine whether the thinkers of the period had influence. An answer to the question of whether liberalism or protectionism is more useful was sought, and it was also concluded that protectionism is more useful for the Ottoman State. As a result, liberalism was not suitable for the Ottoman State. As a result, liberalism, protectionism, Namik Kemal, Sakızlı Ohannes Efendi and Akyiğitzade Musa, Ottoman economic thought were mentioned. Keywords: liberalism, protectionism, Namik Kemal, Sakızlı Ohannes Efendi and Akyiğitzade Musa, Ottoman Economic Thought