Experimental investigation of the effect of lycopene on bone implant fusing and new bone formation

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF LYCOPENE ON BONE IMPLANT FUSING AND NEW BONE FORMATION Osseointegration (the connection between implant and bone) and healing of broken bone are similar. Oxidative stress occurs in the fractured bone area due to bone loss and ischemia. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the injury site complicates bone healing. Lycopene, an antioxidant, may be beneficial in preventing damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing signs of bone resorption. The aim of this study was to examine the histological effects of lycopene on the osseointegration level and new bone formation of titanium implants in rats. For this purpose, rats; Control (n=10), Lycopene Dose-1 (50 mg/kg) (n=10), Lycopene Dose-2 (100 mg/kg) (n=10) and Lycopene Dose-3 (200 mg/kg) ( n=10) were divided into 4 equal groups. Before the surgical procedure, general anesthetics were administered intramuscularly to the subjects with an appropriate injector. Screw-shaped implants, 2.5 mm in diameter and 4 mm in length, with rezorbable blast material (RBM) structure were placed in the right tibia bones of the subjects. Lycopene was administered to the subjects by oral gavage. All subjects were sacrificed after 3 months. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium (Ca), aspartate aminotransferance (AST), alanine aminotransferance (ALT), phosphorus (P) and glucose analyzes were performed from the blood samples of the sacrificed subjects. Bone-implant fusion (ICF) (%) and peri-implant bone filling (GCC) (%) of the samples taken from the subjects were analyzed by the undecalcified histological analysis method. The bone mineral density of the jaw and femur of the subjects was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of calcium, ALP, phosphorus, AST, ALT and glucose levels (p>0.05). Jaw bone mineral density values of the Lycopene Dose-3 group were statistically significantly lower than the Lycopene Dose-1 and Lycopene Dose-2 groups (p1:0.007; p2:0.011; p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of bone implant fusion, peri-implant bone filling and femur bone mineral density (p>0.05). When the data in our study are examined, we can state that lycopene has positive effects on bone mineral density. Keywords: osseointegration, lycopene, antioxidant, oxidative stress, bone implant connection