Pharmacognosytical studies on linaria corifolia

Linaria Mill. genus that is a member of the Plantaginaceae family is widely found in our country. There are approximately 200 species of Linaria in the world, 21 in Turkey, and 12 of them are endemic. Linaria species, traditionally used for hemorrhoids, vascular diseases, and wounds, have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antitumor activities. Within the scope of our thesis study, the phytochemical content of the endemic Linaria corifolia Desf. plant was investigated and 8 compounds were isolated. The structures of 7 of the compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods. The antirrhinoside, 6-ß-Hydroxyantirrhide, catalpol, and aucubine compounds were isolated from n-butanol sub-extract. Prunasin, linariin, acteoside, and a substance that we think has the structure of iridoid glycoside were obtained from ethyl acetate sub-extract. Based on the biological activity studies conducted on Linaria species, the plant's in vitro cholinesterase inhibitor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated, and total phenolic compound and flavonoid contents were determined. Ellman's method was used to assess cholinesterase inhibitor activity, DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging effect determination, and CUPRAC methods were used to determine antioxidant activity, and the COX-2 inhibitor screening test was used to determine the anti-inflammatory effect. Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of extract, sub extracts and pure substances were lower than their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate sub-extract and linariin compound was higher. Antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate sub-extract were high in proportion to the total content of phenolic compounds. The total flavonoid content of the n-butanol sub-extract was higher than other extracts. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extract and sub-extracts were found to be quite low. All of the compounds obtained from our thesis study were isolated from the L. corifolia plant for the first time.