A study on emotional states of high school students according to music genre they listen to

This study aims to determine the music types that the high school students (9th, 10th, 11th, 12th grade) listen to most according to their emotional states and to find out the relationship between these two variables. The study is based on descriptive and correlational models. The study population constitutes high school students in Turkey in 2015-2016. The maximum diversity sampling method is used in the study, an thus, it is aimed to provide socio-demographic diversity of the sample. While this sampling method is used, a report called "A Survey of Socio-Economic Development Ranking Provinces and Regions" carried out by Directorate General for Regional Development and Structural Adjustment in 2011 has been taken into consideration. Sample of the study includes students from Marmara Region, Istanbul Başakşehir Birikim Foundation High School, Eastern Anatolia Region, Malatya Yeşiltepe Anatolian High School and Eastern Anatolia Region, Muş İbni Sina Anatolian High School (N=317). Data collection tool in research is a questionnaire prepared according to expert opinions and it includes questions on socio-demographic variables, emotional states and music preferences. Questions regarding emotional states are based on Parrot's "primary emotional states" (2001). SPSS 24.0 software is used for data analysis. For descriptive analysis procedures; Frequency (f) and percent (%) values are determined and findings are presented via graphics. For analysis of variables such the most preferred types of music, sex, place of residence, grade and level of interest in listening to music, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kay-square and Welch tests are applied. To determine effect sizes Cramer's V values were calculated. The study finds out that level of interest in listening to music among high school students is high, and those who listen to music every day, those who listen to music using smart phones most and those who have not studied music outside school were found to have formed the majority. Turkish rock music was found to be the most popular type of music and Ahmet Kaya was the most popular singer among students. In moods such as love, happiness and confusion, students prefer listening to turkish pop-rock music but when they feel sad they listen to arabesque and fantasy music. Furthermore, when they feel frightened they listen to religious music and turkish rap / hip hop while they are furious. It has been also found that there are significant differences in preferred music genres according to gender and place of residence. While girls mainly prefer listening to Turkish pop and rock music, boys generally prefers listening to arabesque and fantasy music. The study also shows that number of students in İstanbul listening to Turkish and foreign rock / pop music, Turkish pop and rock music in Malatya, and Arabesque / Fantasy music in Muş is higher than other genres. Besides, in all types of music, students who listen to music everyday constitute the majority. It was determined that the effect sizes are close to the middle level. All relationship analysis procedures were performed for each emotional state and findings are presented via graphics.