Low-cost perimeter intrusion radar development

In this thesis, a very low-cost perimeter intrusion radar system is developed by using X-Band Microwave Motion Sensor Module called HB-100. When the 5-Volt input supply voltage of the sensor was modulated with a triangular wave, a 3 MHz difference in output frequency between 10525 - 10528 MHz was detected, which means that the sensor can be used as an FMCW radar and the distance information of the stationary target can be obtained. In Perimeter Intrusion Detection Systems (PIDS), it is essential to know not only the intrusion in the protected area but also the distance of the intruders. Civil application radars, which can detect people from distances of more than 1 kilometer, can be purchased with a very high budget. However, using the sensor's internal receiver and the designed external lens, one kilometer away target can be detected at a much cheaper cost. The development of low-cost radar is a very innovative issue due to the lack of civilian PIDS that can detect people beyond kilometers. Also, by operating a Doppler radar sensor, which can be obtained for less than 5 USD as an FMCW radar, it will be possible to detect people from long distances and save a hundred or even thousand times of budget. The target detection range is an essential concept in PIDS. Lens specifications designed to increase target detection range are given. Theoretical calculations of the maximum range for the sensor's internal receiver and external lens have been made. It has been calculated that the maximum range is increased approximately ten times with the externally designed lens. Besides, according to the specified characteristics of the sensor, calculated and simulated Intermediate Frequency (IF) - range relationship is presented. The calculated and simulated values were confirmed by laboratory measurements, and results graphics are presented.