Mahmud Nedim Pasha

1- Grand Vizier 2- Ministry of Interior 3- Moratorium in 1875 4- Reddiye. Born in 1233 in Istanbul, Mahmud Nedim Paşa got a good education. By entering the state service in his young ages, he has served as "mektubcu", "âmedci" and "beğlikci". After his service in the undersecratariets of foreign affairs and Sublime Porte, he has given the vizireate dignity, then appointed the governer of Sayda. Besides, He has served as the govemer of Damascus and İzmir, and also worked in the Ministry of Trade and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as the minister. He started to serve for the governer of Tripoli which continued seven years in 1276/1860. After this service, he has first chosen as the member of Şûrâ-yı Devlet, Ministry of Deavi, and also second time in undersecratariet of Grand Vizireate, and then appointed to the Ministry of Marine. In 1288/1871, Mahmud Nedim came to the office of Grand Vizirate upon the death of Ali Pasha. He continued to work for this office almost eleven months. After his one month service in Kastamonu Governership, he was sent to the Trabzon. From there, He appointed to the governership of Adana. In 1292/1875 he was given the office of the head of Şûrâ-yı Devlet and then second time the office of Grand Vizirate. His eight and a half month service was ended by Student Revolt. After his dwelling for a while in Çeşme due to his sickness, He came to Sublime Porte upon the invitation of Abdulhamit II. Then, he was given the office of the ministry of interior. He served almost three year in this office. Pasha died in 1300 / 1883. He has some books named Âyine-i Hasbihâl, Reddiye (Müdafaanâme), Hikâye-i Melik-i Muzaffer and Dîvân-ı Mahmud Nedim Paşa. Mahmud Nedim mentions about the state administration, quality that should be found in the State officiers and also, economical issues in Âyine-i Hasbihâl. Mahmud Nedim wrote the book named Reddiye so as to defend himself for the book named Üss-i İnkılâb printed in 1294 and criticising Nedim's Grand Vizirate periods written by Ahmed Midhat Efendi. Here, he first defend his vizirate policies, then talk about the circumstances occured in the time of Abdülmecid and Abdiilaziz.