Investigation of physicochemical properties of Malatya city clays and their applications for analytical purposes.

In this work, mineral content of sample received from different area of Malatya province has been investigated by the help of XRD, IR and chemical analysis. Two of the sample of which mineral content has been defined, (samples number 2 and 3) treated with H2SO+ for the invetsigation pf clay content and found that one of them (sample No:7) contain montmorillonit and illite and the other (sample no:3) contain calcite additionaly. During activation process, Fe and Mg content of filtrate accepted as activation parameters. The results are interpreted with the results of XRD, IR, cation exchange capacity and the pH values. From the results, it is calculated that, sample 2 is avaliable for activation process, but sample 3 is not because of calcite content. But on the other hand it would be also possible to activate rhe clay no:3 after eliminating the calcite contents. After analysis of all sample, it is found that all the samples contains montmorillonit and illite and main clays and calcite, vermiculite and nontronite as secondary clays. On the other hand, 3 of samples of which was received from Hekimhan region, contain pure kaolinite mineral. In addition to these, by one of the clay samples treated with HCL (acid/clay ratio is 0,3) there after Pb adsorption by clays before and after HCL activation is compared. These measurement have been done as following each of 2 gr oh HCL activated clay is mixed with 50 ml of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ppm lead solution respectively. After measuring the pH of it, shaked for 1 hour and filtrered through filter paper (Whatman No:41). The pH value of filtrate and sam eof the exchangeable cations (Na, K, Ca and Mg) have been measured and the order of exchangeability ofthese cations have been found. The effects of lead concentration on this exchangeability is also interpreted. It is concludes that all the lead ia adsorbed by clay minerals.