Evaluation of mandibular posterior teeth relation to adjacent anatomic structures in terms of endodontic surgery

Evaluation of Mandibular Posterior Teeth Relation to Adjacent Anatomic Structures in Terms of Endodontic Surgery Aim: The aim of this study is to be able to guide clinicians to prevent errors in endodontic surgical procedures in the mandibular posterior region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Method: The records of the patients with CBCT device (NewTom 5G, QR, Verona, Italy) were examined of patients matching the criteria determined from previously obtained images who applied to Dentistry Faculty of Inönü University from 2016 to 2017. On the CBCT images of 338 patients, 158 of which were male and 180 of which were female measurements were made on the root thickness and full resection distances of the mandibular premolars and molars root; adjacent anatomic structures distances, on the axial and cross sections. Results: Measurements of mesiodistal root size (p=0,001), buccal bone distance (p=0,000) and complete resection distance (p=0,000) were higher in the first premolars than in the second premolars at the resection level. In the single rooted second premolars, measurements of root apex and mental foramen distance were found to be higher in males than females (p=0.001). Statistically significant difference was recorded in the molars (M) of the all population of measurements of the buccolingual root size (p=0,010;p=0,000), the mesiodistal root size (p=0,021;p=0.000), buccal bone distance (p=0,000;p=0,000) and complete resection distance (p=0,000;p=0,000) at the resection level of the the 1.M-mesial root (Mr) and the 2.M-Mr.; of the 1.M-distal root (Dr) and the 2.M-Dr. Buccolingual root dimension measurements were higher in the 1.M than in the 2.M and in the other three measurements were higher in the 2.M than in the 1.M. When it is compared the distance to the mandibular canal of the molars mesial and distal roots; the values of the 1.M were higher than the 2.M in female (p=0,000;p=0,000), male (p=0,011,p=0,000) and the all population (p=0,000). Conclusion: Because of the bone structure of males is more developed than females, it is possible that the anatomic dimensions of tooth root and jaw bone may be different. For this reason, sex is an important predictive factor in adjacent anatomic structures. Evaluation of alternative treatment options such as hemisection, root amputation, and intentional replantation will benefit patients and clinicians; because jaw bone and root sizes at the apical resection level, root proximity to the mental foramen/mandibular canal showed that difficulty apical surgical procedures. Key words: Endodontic surgery, cone beam computerized tomography, mandibular canal, mental foramen.