Hadiths that Hanafis do not apply in the context of al-Inqita' al-ma'nawiy (İn the context of Sunan al-Abī Dawūd)

In this study, we examine the concept of spiritual incompleteness as evaluated by Hanafi jurists regarding the application of hadiths. We focus specifically on Sunan al-Abī Dāwūd and analyze Abū Dāwūd's approach to issues that were not acted upon due to spiritual incompleteness. Hadiths hold significant importance as primary sources for İslâmîc jurists following the Prophet's death. Principles have been established to determine the acceptance or rejection of these reports, which greatly influence the attitudes of İslâmîc jurists towards various issues. Factors such as legal understanding, legal logic, and the societal context of the jurists have shaped these principles, particularly in the specialization of Sened and Textual criticism. As a result, different schools of law emerged from methodological divergences, influenced by teachers and regional variations. One clear example of these methodological divergences is observed in the Hanafī scholars' introduction of the concept of spiritual incidences, which involves subjecting reports to scrutiny against original sources. In the first part of our thesis, we explore the theory of news and the concept of spiritual incidences within the Hanafi books of usul. We aim to reveal the Hanafis' perspective on this subject and their approach to presenting the news-i wahid (singular narrations) to the 'principles' categorized as the Qur'an, the Mārūf Sunnah, the Umûmu'l-balwa, and the Sahabah's turning away from ijijāj, when there are conflicting narrations. Additionally, we investigate their stance on news that appears incompatible with these principles. The second part of our thesis highlights the reasons behind the composition of Sunan by Ahl al-Hadith, particularly Abū Dāwūd's reaction to the Hanafī madhhab's fiqh based on r'y (personal opinion). Finally, we identify narrations and issues from Hanafi usul and furū books that are not acted upon due to spiritual incompleteness and examine Abū Dāwūd's views on these matters. Abū Dāwūd, known for his reactionary approach to Ahl al-Ra'y, offers insights into these issues.