Investigation of osseointegration after implant application in diabetic rats which given mangiferin

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mangiferin on the osseointegration process after implant application in type-II diabetes model from molecular and morphological perspectives. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley male rats, 3 months old, were obtained for the study. Animals were divided into 3 groups as control, diabetes and diabetes + mangiferin. All animals were dental implanted in the femoral bones. At the end of the 3-month experiment period, the blood samples of the animals were taken and the implant site was isolated. Routine biochemical parameters were measured in blood samples; Micro-CT, rt-qPCR, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations were performed on femur samples. Results: Mangiferin significantly decreased diabetes-related glucose, triglyceride and VLDL levels and liver enzyme levels. Administration of mangiferin to diabetic rats increased the percentage of osseointegration and bone volume, and decreased porosity. Mangiferin increased Dkk1, Bmp-2 mRNA expressions, which decreased with diabetes, and increased OPN, OCN and OSN both mRNA and protein levels. In addition, osteoblast and osteoid surface areas increased with mangiferin, while osteoblast and eroded surface areas decreased. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that mangiferin will be beneficial on the wound healing process and osseointegration impaired by type-II diabetes. In future studies, the use of mangiferin in the implant process in diabetic patients may be beneficial, with the full elucidation of the mechanism of action of mangiferin and proving its safety. Keywords: Dental implant, Diabetes, Mangiferin, Osseointegration, Wound healing, Wnt pathway